About Climate Change: Explore Information "my views"

DECLARATION OF THE LEADERS

THE MAJOR ECONOMIES FORUM

ON ENERGY AND CLIMATE

We, the leaders of Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, the European Union, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States met as the Major Economies Forum on Energy and Climate in L’Aquila, Italy, on July 9, 2009, and declare as follows:

Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time. As leaders of the world’s major economies, both developed and developing, we intend to respond vigorously to this challenge, being convinced that climate change poses a clear danger requiring an extraordinary global response, that the response should respect the priority of economic and social development of developing countries, that moving to a low-carbon economy is an opportunity to promote continued economic growth and sustainable development, that the need for and deployment of transformational clean energy technologies at lowest possible cost are urgent, and that the response must involve balanced attention to mitigation and adaptation.

We reaffirm the objective, provisions and principles of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. Recalling the Major Economies Declaration adopted in Toyako, Japan, in July 2008, and taking full account of decisions taken in Bali, Indonesia, in December 2007, we resolve to spare no effort to reach agreement in Copenhagen, with each other and with the other Parties, to further implementation of the Convention.

Our vision for future cooperation on climate change, consistent with equity and our common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, includes the following:

1. Consistent with the Convention’s objective and science:
Our countries will undertake transparent nationally appropriate mitigation actions, subject to applicable measurement, reporting, and verification, and prepare low-carbon growth plans. Developed countries among us will take the lead by promptly undertaking robust aggregate and individual reductions in the midterm consistent with our respective ambitious long-term objectives and will work together before Copenhagen to achieve a strong result in this regard.

Developing countries among us will promptly undertake actions whose projected effects on emissions represent a meaningful deviation from business as usual in the midterm, in the context of sustainable development, supported by financing, technology, and capacity-building. The peaking of global and national emissions should take place as soon as possible, recognizing that the timeframe for peaking will be longer in developing countries, bearing in mind that social and economic development and poverty eradication are the first and overriding priorities in developing countries and that low-carbon development is indispensible to sustainable development.

We recognize the scientific view that the increase in global average temperature above pre-industrial levels ought not to exceed 2 degrees C. In this regard and in the context of the ultimate objective of the Convention and the Bali Action Plan, we will work between now and Copenhagen, with each other and under the Convention, to identify a global goal for substantially reducing global emissions by 2050. Progress toward the global goal would be regularly reviewed, noting the importance of frequent, comprehensive, and accurate inventories.

We will take steps nationally and internationally, including under the Convention, to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and to enhance removals of greenhouse gas emissions by forests, including providing enhanced support to developing countries for such purposes.

2. Adaptation to the adverse effects of climate change is essential. Such effects are already taking place. Further, while increased mitigation efforts will reduce climate impacts, even the most aggressive mitigation efforts will not eliminate the need for substantial adaptation, particularly in developing countries which will be disproportionately affected.

There is a particular and immediate need to assist the poorest and most vulnerable to adapt to such effects. Not only are they most affected but they have contributed the least to the build up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Further support will need to be mobilized, should be based on need, and will include resources additional to existing financial assistance. We will work together to develop, disseminate, and transfer, as appropriate, technologies that advance adaptation efforts.

3. We are establishing a Global Partnership to drive transformational low-carbon, climate-friendly technologies. We will dramatically increase and coordinate public sector investments in research, development, and demonstration of these technologies, with a view to doubling such investments by 2015, while recognizing the importance of private investment, public-private partnerships and international cooperation, including regional innovation centers. Drawing on global best practice policies, we undertake to remove barriers, establish incentives, enhance capacity-building, and implement appropriate measures to aggressively accelerate deployment and transfer of key existing and new low-carbon technologies, in accordance with national circumstances.

We welcome the leadership of individual countries to spearhead efforts among interested countries to advance actions on technologies such as energy efficiency; solar energy; smart grids; carbon capture, use, and storage; advanced vehicles; high-efficiency and lower-emissions coal technologies; bio-energy; and other clean technologies. Lead countries will report by November 15, 2009, on action plans and roadmaps, and make recommendations for further progress. We will consider ideas for appropriate approaches and arrangements to promote technology development, deployment, and transfer.

4. Financial resources for mitigation and adaptation will need to be scaled up urgently and substantially and should involve mobilizing resources to support developing countries. Financing to address climate change will derive from multiple sources, including both public and private funds and carbon markets. Additional investment in developing countries should be mobilized, including by creating incentives for and
removing barriers to funding flows. Greater predictability of international support should be promoted. Financing of supported actions should be measurable, reportable, and verifiable.

The expertise of existing institutions should be drawn upon, and such institutions should work in an inclusive way and should be made more responsive to developing country needs. Climate financing should complement efforts to promote development in accordance with national priorities and may include both program-based and project-based approaches.

The governance of mechanisms disbursing funds should be transparent, fair, effective, efficient, and reflect balanced representation. Accountability in the use of resources should be ensured. An arrangement to match diverse funding needs and resources should be created, and utilize where appropriate, public and private expertise. We agreed to further consider proposals for the establishment of international funding arrangements, including the proposal by Mexico for a Green Fund.

5. Our countries will continue to work together constructively to strengthen the world’s ability to combat climate change, including through the Major Economies Forum on Energy and Climate. In particular, our countries will continue meeting throughout the balance of this year in order to facilitate agreement in Copenhagen.

Why People Take Drugs

And just as there are many kinds of drugs available, there are as many reasons for trying them or starting to use them regularly. People take drugs just for the pleasure they believe they can bring. Often it's because someone tried to convince them that drugs would make them feel good or that they'd have a better time if they took them.

Some teens believe drugs will help them think better, be more popular, stay more active, or become better athletes. Others are simply curious and figure one try won't hurt. Others want to fit in. A few use drugs to gain attention from their parents.

Many teens use drugs because they're depressed or think drugs will help them escape their problems. The truth is, drugs don't solve problems — they simply hide feelings and problems. When a drug wears off, the feelings and problems remain, or become worse. Drugs can ruin every aspect of a person's life.

Here are the facts on some of the more common drugs.
Alcohol

The oldest and most widely used drug in the world, alcohol is a depressant that alters perceptions, emotions, and senses.

How It's Used: Alcohol is a liquid that is drunk.

Effects & Dangers:

* Alcohol first acts as a stimulant, and then it makes people feel relaxed and a bit sleepy.
* High doses of alcohol seriously affect judgment and coordination. Drinkers may have slurred speech, confusion, depression, short-term memory loss, and slow reaction times.
* Large volumes of alcohol drunk in a short period of time may cause alcohol poisoning.

Addictiveness: Teens who use alcohol can become psychologically dependent upon it to feel good, deal with life, or handle stress. In addition, their bodies may demand more and more to achieve the same kind of high experienced in the beginning. Some teens are also at risk of becoming physically addicted to alcohol. Withdrawal from alcohol can be painful and even life threatening. Symptoms range from shaking, sweating, nausea, anxiety, and depression to hallucinations, fever, and convulsions.

Drugs: What you should know?

related articles:
 Amphetamines Anabolic steroids Club drugs Cocaine  Heroin Inhalants  Marijuana  Prescription drugs

DRUGS? What You Should Know?

These days, drugs can be found everywhere, and it may seem like everyone's doing them. Lots of people are tempted by the excitement or escape that drugs seem to offer.

But learning the facts about drugs can help you see the risks of chasing this excitement or escape. Here's what you need to know.
The Deal on Substances

Thanks to medical and drug research, there are thousands of drugs that help people. Antibiotics and vaccines have revolutionized the treatment of infections. Medicines can lower blood pressure, treat diabetes, and reduce the body's rejection of new organs. Medicines can cure, slow, or prevent disease, helping us to lead healthier and happier lives. But there are also lots of illegal, harmful drugs that people take to help them feel good or have a good time.

How do drugs work? Drugs are chemicals or substances that change the way our bodies work. When you put them into your body (often by swallowing, inhaling, or injecting them), drugs find their way into your bloodstream and are transported to parts of your body, such as your brain. In the brain, drugs may either intensify or dull your senses, alter your sense of alertness, and sometimes decrease physical pain.

A drug may be helpful or harmful. The effects of drugs can vary depending upon the kind of drug taken, how much is taken, how often it is used, how quickly it gets to the brain, and what other drugs, food, or substances are taken at the same time. Effects can also vary based on the differences in body size, shape, and chemistry.

Although substances can feel good at first, they can ultimately do a lot of harm to the body and brain. Drinking alcohol, smoking tobacco, taking illegal drugs, and sniffing glue can all cause serious damage to the human body. Some drugs severely impair a person's ability to make healthy choices and decisions. Teens who drink, for example, are more likely to get involved in dangerous situations, such as driving under the influence or having unprotected sex.


related articles:
 Amphetamines Anabolic steroids Club drugs Cocaine  Heroin Inhalants  Marijuana  Prescription drugs

Amphetamines

Amphetamine (amfetamine (INN)) is a psychostimulant drug that is known to produce increased wakefulness and focus in association with decreased fatigue and appetite. Amphetamine is related to drugs such as methamphetamine, dextroamphetamine, and levoamphetamine, which are a group of potent drugs that act by increasing levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, inducing euphoria. The group includes prescription CNS drugs commonly used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It is also used to treat symptoms of traumatic brain injury and the daytime drowsiness symptoms of narcolepsy, Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome. Initially, amphetamine was more popularly used to diminish the appetite and to control weight. Brand names of the drugs that contain, or metabolize into, amphetamine include Adderall, Vyvanse, and Dexedrine, as well as Benzedrine in the past.

Anabolic steroids

Anabolic steroids officially known as anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS), are drugs which mimic the effects of the male steroids testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. They increase protein synthesis within cells, which results in the buildup of cellular tissue (anabolism), especially in muscles. Anabolic steroids also have androgenic and virilizing properties, including the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics such as the growth of the vocal cords and body hair. The word anabolic comes from the Greek anabolein, "to build up", and the word androgenic from the Greek andros, "man" + genein, "to produce".

Club drugs

Club drugs are a loosely-defined category of recreational drugs which are associated with discothèques in the 1970s and dance clubs, parties, and raves in the 1980s to the 2000s. . Unlike many other categories, such as opiates, which are established according to pharmaceutical properties, club drugs are a "category of convenience", which includes drugs ranging from phenethylamines such as the popular ecstasy to the lesser known 2C-B, inhalants (nitrous oxide and amyl nitrite "poppers"), stimulants (such as amphetamines and cocaine), and hallucinogens such as LSD and psilocybin mushrooms. Dancers at all-night parties use these drugs for their stimulating or psychedelic properties. "Club drugs" vary by country and region; in some areas, even opiates such as heroin are sold at clubs though this practice is relatively uncommon

Cocaine

Cocaine (benzoylmethylecgonine) is a crystalline tropane alkaloid that is obtained from the leaves of the coca plant. The name comes from "coca" in addition to the alkaloid suffix -ine, forming cocaine. It is a stimulant of the central nervous system and an appetite suppressant. Specifically, it is a serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor, which mediates functionality of such  as an exogenous catecholamine transporter ligand. Because of the way it affects the mesolimbic reward pathway, cocaine is addictive.

Heroin

Heroin, or diacetylmorphine (INN), also known as diamorphine (BAN), is a semi-synthetic opioid drug synthesized from morphine, a derivative of the opium poppy. It is the 3,6-diacetyl ester of morphine (di (two)-acetyl-morphine). The white crystalline form is commonly the hydrochloride salt diacetylmorphine hydrochloride, though often adulterated thus dulling the sheen and consistency from that to a matte white powder, which heroin freebase typically is

Inhalants

Inhalants are a broad range of drugs in the forms of gases, aerosols, or solvents that are breathed in and absorbed through the lungs. While some inhalant drugs are used for medical purposes, as in the case of nitrous oxide (a dental anaesthetic), this article focuses on the non-medical use of inhalants, as recreational drugs that are used for their intoxicating effect. Most inhalant drugs that are used non-medically are ingredients in household or industrial chemical products that are not intended to be concentrated and inhaled, including organic solvents (found in cleaning products, fast-drying glues, and nail polish removers), fuels (gasoline (petrol) and kerosene) and propellant gases such as freon and compressed hydrofluorocarbons that are used in aerosol cans such as hairspray, whipped cream and non-stick cooking spray. A small number of recreational inhalant drugs are pharmaceutical products that are used illicitly, such as anaesthetics (ether and nitrous oxide) and volatile anti-angina drugs (alkyl nitrites).

Marijuana

Cannabis, also known as marijuana,marihuana, and ganja (from Sanskrit: गांजा gañjā, meaning "hemp"), among many other namesa[›], refers to any number of preparations of the Cannabis plant intended for use as a psychoactive drug. The most common form of cannabis used as a drug is the dried herbal form.

The typical herbal form of cannabis consists of the flowers and subtending leaves and stalks of mature pistillate or female plants. The resinous form of the drug is known as hashish (or merely as 'hash').

Prescription Drugs

A prescription drug is a licensed medicine that is regulated by legislation to require a prescription before it can be obtained. The term is used to distinguish it from over-the-counter drugs which can be obtained without a prescription. Different jurisdictions have different definitions of what constitutes a prescription drug.

Drugs and Young People

Drug abuse is a serious public health problem that affects almost every community and family in some way. Drug abuse in children and teenagers may pose a greater hazard than in older people. This is because their brains are not yet fully developed. As a result, the brains of young people may be more susceptible to drug abuse and addiction than adult brains.

Abused drugs include

* Amphetamines
* Anabolic steroids
* Club drugs
* Cocaine
* Heroin
* Inhalants
* Marijuana
* Prescription drugs

There are different types of treatment for drug abuse. But the best is to prevent drug abuse in the first place.

"Club drug" ecstasy risky for healthy youth

The so-called "club drug" ecstasy is more likely than other stimulants like speed or crystal meth to kill young, healthy people who are not known as regular drug users, British researchers said on Friday.

A study of stimulant-deaths in Britain between 1997 and 2007 found that those who died after taking ecstasy were mainly younger and healthier than those who died after taking amphetamines.

Fabrizio Schifano of the University of Hertfordshire, who led the study, said his results were worrying because they appeared to show young people are particularly vulnerable to ecstasy -- and this age group is the most likely to take it.

"This is a big public health concern," he said in a telephone interview.

Schifano used data from the National Programme on Substance Abuse Deaths database and the British Crime Survey. He found 832 people died from taking amphetamines and methylamphetamines, such as speed and crystal meth, over the 11 year study period, while 605 deaths were related to ecstasy.

Deaths from ecstasy were more common in "victims who were young, healthy, and less likely to be known as drug users," he wrote in the study in the Neuropsychobiology journal.

Schifano said the results suggested young people aged between 16 to 24 "seem to suffer extreme consequences after excessive intake of ecstasy," but it was not clear why.

"Ecstasy and amphetamines are very similar -- they are part of the same pharmacological group," Schifano said. "But ecstasy does seem to show an intrinsic toxicity that is higher than that of amphetamines."

Schifano said it may be that young peoples' brains, which are still developing at the age of 16 and 17, are more vulnerable to the effects of the drug.

Ecstasy is currently ranked in Britain as one of the most dangerous Class A drugs, alongside heroin and cocaine.

source: LONDON (Reuters)
By Kate Kelland

Philippines Trivia

# In the Philippines, Filipinos were introduced to the English language in 1762 by British invaders, not Americans. Philippines is the world's 3rd largest English-speaking nation, next to the USA and the UK.

# The Philippine Basketball Association is Asia's premier and the world's second oldest professional league.

# Philippine Airlines took to the skies on March 15, 1941, using a Beech Model 18 aircraft amid the specter of a global war. It became Asia's first airline.

# The world's largest pearl was discovered by a Filipino diver in a giant Tridacna (mollusk) under the Palawan Sea in 1934. Known as the "Pearl of Lao-Tzu", the gem weighs 14 pounds and measures 9 1/2 inches long and 5 1/2 inches in diameter. As of May 1984, it was valued at US$42 million. It is believed to be 600 years old.

# Alto Broadcasting System (ABS) Channel 3, the first television station in the country, went on the air in 1953.

# The world's second deepest spot underwater is in the Philippines. This spot, about 34,440 feet (10,497 meters) below the sea level, is known as the Philippine Deep or the Mindanao Trench. The Philippine Deep is in the floor of the Philippine Sea. The German ship Emden first plumbed the trench in 1927.

# The symbolic name for the Philippines, Juan dela Cruz, is not a Filipino invention? It was coined by R. McCulloch-Dick, a Scottish-born journalist working for the Manila Times in the early 1900s, after discovering it was the most common name in blotters.

# Lipa City in Batangas is dubbed as the “Rome of the Philippines” because of the number of seminaries, convents, monasteries, retreat houses, and a famous cathedral located in it.

# Compostela Valley is known to be laden with gold, thus earning the monicker “Golden Valley of Mindanao”

# Basilica of St. Martin de Tours in Taal, Batangas built by Augustinian Missionaries in 1572, is reputed to be the biggest catholic church in East Asia. It is so huge that it can house another big church

# Kibungan is known as the “Switzerland of Bengued” because of the frost during the cold months

The World's Most Exotic Birds

The Philippines is home to some of the world's most exotic birds.
One of the most endangered species is the exotic Kalangay or the Philippine cockatoo (Cacatua haematuropygia), which belongs to Psittacidae or the family of parrots. Some cockatoos can live up to 50 years. They are known for mimicking human voices. Most of them measure 33 centimeters in length and weigh 0.29 kilogram.

Palawan bearcat
Is neither a bear nor a cat. Known in Southeast Asia as binturong, the bearcat is a species of its own, with population in the forests of Palawan, Borneo, Burma and Vietnam. It belongs to the family of Viverridae (civets). The Palawan bearcat has a long body and a pointed face leading to the nose. Its head and body measure 61 to 96 centimeters in combined length while its tail is almost as long. It weighs 9 to 14 kilograms and lives up to 20 years.

Calamian Deer
 Calamian Islands, north of Palawan province, keep a species of deer that cannot be found elsewhere. Scientists referred to the hog deer in the islands as Calamian deer in order to distinguish them from other hog deer in the world. An ordinary Calamian deer measures 105 to 115 centimeters in length and 60 to 65 centimeters high at the shoulder and weighs about 36 to 50 kilograms. It is said to have longer and darker legs, compared with other hog deer.

World's Smallest Hoofed Mammal
South of Palawan, lies the Balabac Island, home of the world's smallest hoofed mammal - the Philippine mouse deer. Locally known as Pilandok (Tragalus nigricans), this ruminant stands only about 40 centimeters at the shoulder level.

Flying Lemur
One of the most distinct creatures on Earth lives in the Philippines. It doesn't have wings but it can glide across 100 meters of space in a single leap. Like the lemurs of Asia, it moves around at night. Its head resembles that of a dog while its body has similarities with the flying squirrel of Canada.
In Mindanao, people call it "kagwang". Around the world, it is known as colugo or the flying lemur.

Philippines Trivia

About the Philippines

# The exotic jeepney is a post-war creation inspired by the GI jeeps that the American soldiers brought to the country in the 1940s. Enterprising Filipinos salvaged the surplus engines and came out unique vehicles of art.

# Short distance and feeder trips could not be more exciting than via Philippine quick transports – the tricycle, a motorcycle with a sidecar, and the pedicab, a bicycle with a sidecar.

# The world’s longest underground river system accessible to man can be found at the St. Paul National Park in the province of Palawan.

# The largest Philippine wild animal, the tamaraw, is a species of the buffalo that is similar to the carabao. It is found only in the island of Mindoro.

# The highest mountain in the Philippines is Mt. Apo, a dormant volcano found in Mindanao, at 2,954 meters (9,689 feet). Mt. Pulog in Luzon is the second highest at 2,928 meters (9604 feet).

Philippines Travel Tips

• Dress for the weather – hot! Light clothing is ideal year-round, and absolutely during the hot and dry months from March to May. Temperatures average from 78°F/25°C to 90°F/32°C. Mean humidity is at 77%.

• Never leave home without your rain gear, umbrella, and heavy clothing during the rainy months from June to October as well as when setting out to the mountainous areas.

• When shopping in a public market, it is perfectly acceptable to haggle for the cheapest price.

• English is the most widely spoken next to Filipino/Tagalog, the national language. Learning the basic local phrases may come in handy. Over 111 local dialects are spoken in the country.

Kultura Filipino

Kultura Filipino

Intramuros, City of Manila
A glimpse of Philippine culture through traditional dances and songs performed by some of the country's best dance groups.

Roman Catholic Church Built in 1630

Barasoain Church (also known as Our Lady of Mt. Carmel Parish) is a Roman Catholic church built in 1630 in Malolos City, Bulacan. Having earned the title as the Cradle of Democracy in the East, the most important religious building in the Philippines , and the site of the First Philippine Republic, the Church is proverbial for its historical importance among Filipinos.

The Largest Lake in the Philippines

Laguna de Bay (Filipino: Lawa ng Bay; English: Laguna de Bay is the largest lake in the Philippines and the third largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia (in terms of surface area) after Tonle Sap in Cambodia and Lake Toba in Sumatra, Indonesia. It is on the island of Luzon between the provinces of Laguna to the south and Rizal to the north. Metro Manila lies on its western shore. Its surface area is 949 square kilometers and has an average depth of only about 2 meters. The lake is shaped like a stylised 'W', with two peninsulas jutting out from the northern shore. Between these peninsulas, the middle lobe fills a large volcanic caldera. Laguna de Bay drains to Manila Bay via the Pasig River. The lake is one of the primary sources of freshwater fish in the country.

Philippine Politics

Philippine Politics
May. 10, 2010 Election

Sukatan 2010   Not a debate. Not a competition. Not about grandstanding. Nor sweet talk.

The contenders for the country’s top spot . . . Will sketch their blueprint… Bring real solutions… Outline their plan... For building this nation....Which of them will measure up?

SUKATAN  2010 was shown (aired) yesterday on free tv in North and South America, Europe, Middle East, Asia and Australia. In the Philippines.

I was surprise, aspirant to become the next President of our beloved country Philippines, answering the question given by some audience. They (candidates) seems to be serious about the matter, answering briefly and in focus, as our beloved Pastor Quiboloy made his comment after about the matter saying In his message that he is happy knowing “ there are many Filipinos who want to serve the country and are willing to dedicate their lives for public service.” He further stressed that being a political leader in a country is a destiny, thus, it should be prized.

As I watched the television, I realized the many questions I want to have an answer, answer I got from this forum, thanks to.. (SMNI Broadcasting). Question from different sector of society about popularity and eagerness to lead a country , who will I vote for?.

Now is our time to choose who will be the next President, we need to choose wisely and think for the future of our child for the next generation. Let’s unite for the sake of our country, help our leaders not hate, protect them from evil, we Filipinos are kindhearted people.

Let’s unite to build this country up not down, most especially those in the media sector which for me is the voice and the mirror of a country through out the world. Resfect our Country, resfect our people, and most of all Resfect the one who Lead our country.

Mar.10, 2010
by edroque

Maria Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo

Maria Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (born April 5, 1947)  is the fourteenth and current president of the Philippines. Arroyo is the country's second female (after Corazon Aquino) and second longest serving (after Ferdinand Marcos) president, she is also the daughter of late former Philippine President Diosdado Macapagal and is of the royal blood due to ancestral lineage tracing her to Don Juan Macapagal, a great-grandson of Lakandula the last reigning Rajah (King) of Saludung.

A professor of economics, Arroyo entered government in 1987, serving as assistant secretary and undersecretary of the Department of Trade and Industry upon the invitation of President Corazon Aquino. After serving as a senator from 1992 to 1998, she was elected to the vice presidency under President Joseph Estrada,

In 1961, when Arroyo was just 14 years old, her father was elected as president. She moved with her family into Malacañang Palace in Manila. She attended Assumption Convent for her elementary and high school education, graduating valedictorian in 1964. Arroyo then studied for two years at Georgetown University's Walsh School of Foreign Service in Washington, D.C. where she was a classmate of future United States President Bill Clinton and achieved consistent Dean's list status. She then earned her Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics from Assumption College, graduating magna cum laude in 1968.

President of the Philippines

Incumbent

Assumed office
January 20, 2001
Born: 
April 5, 1947 (1947-04-05) (age 62)

San Juan, Philippines

Political party : 
Lakas-Kampi-CMD (2009–present)

Other political  affiliations  
LDP (Before 1998)
KAMPI (1997–2009)
Lakas-CMD (1998–2009)

Spouse(s) :  
Jose Miguel Arroyo

Alma mater :
 Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service
Assumption College
Ateneo de Manila University
University of the Philippines School of Economics

Profession :
 Economist

Religion :
 Roman Catholicism

Malacañang Palace

Malacañang Palace, or officially, Malacañan Palace, is the official residence of the President of the Philippines. The palace is located along the north bank of the Pasig River in Manila. It is called Palasyo ng Malakanyang in Filipino, and Malacañan Palace when referred to as the official residence of the President of the Philippines.

 In popular media and everyday parlance, it is simply referred to as Malacañang, and this shorter name is also used when referring to its role as the office of the president. The term "Malacañang" can be used as a metonym for the Philippine President's administration or the Executive branch as a whole. Malacañang Palace is depicted on the verso (back) side of the present-day 20-peso bill.

Princess Marla

#10 Princess Marla

The $29 million Princess Marla is a must see for all. The three deck high atrium of Princess Marla is the most spectacular attribute of its interior. Initially christened as White Rabbit II, it is designed by Andrew Winch.

most expensive yacht in the world was originally constructed in 1995 by Feadship only to be renovated in 1999 with completely new stunning interior fittings by Andrew Winch. Its three-deck atrium adds a degree of superior elegance to its superbly created interiors. Priced at $29 million, this majestic yacht first came into the fore with the name ‘White Rabbit II’. Owned by an Asian named Lowell

Fendi Selleria

The #8 Most Expensive Handbags ,Fendi Selleria, is soft in touch and smooth in texture, made of first class leather. Crafted with sable and chinchilla, the bag comes at a staggering cost of $38,000. Chinchilla and sable are among the rarest and costliest animal skins in the world. Using Roman-manufacturing techniques, the bag is crafted and transformed into a thing of beauty.

#4 Ambrosiana

#4 Ambrosiana $45 Million

Bought and sold by a European, Ambrosiana awaits a new owner in Oceanco, Holland. Though it is priced as the same as Virginian, it comes next to Oceanco’s Constellation. A waterfall tumbling over the aft lip of the sky-deck Jacuzzi is the most spectacular of what it features. It is 196 feet in length.

Most Expensive Yacht in the World ,Ambrosiana, enjoys a great rapport among classic yacht aficionados for its spacious accommodations coupled with new innovative interior scheme and considerable amenities. To add something more, the yacht comes with the plan of setting helipad for helicopter operations. What’s more and can be considered unique is a waterfall that falls spontaneously over the lip of the Sky-deck Jacuzzi.

#3 Virginian

#3 Virginian

With a span of 204 feet in length, Virginia looks a giant. It formerly belonged to John Werner Kluge, head of Metromedia International Group. The present British owner of the yacht changed its hue from white to blue. As pricey as $45 million, it offers luxury and lavish living.

Most Expensive Yacht in the World with fabulously designed and technically developed infrastructure, Virginian is much of a lavish and luxury yacht. It stands for what a mega yacht looks like. Equipped with entertainment gadgets, office tools, security devices and other modern amenities, Virginian meets the needs of cruisers for ultimate comfort. Previously owned by John Werner Kluge, head of Metromedia International Group, Virginian is now the property of a British. This 45 million dollars vessel offers an impeccable cruise, comfortable and safe.

#2 Constillation

#2 Constellation
A possession of the ruling family in Qatar, Constellation costs the same as Katana. This 68 million dollar yacht is 262 feet in length. It can carry 350 tons of fuel and speed at 23 knots. Known as the largest hit and run, the yacht is equipped with luxury features.

Most Expensive Yacht in the World ,The Constellation, is worth $68 million and makes a spectacular yacht for ocean cruise enthusiasts. In fact, it is so very large that it intimidates onlookers with its gigantic stature. No one has thought of taking a pleasure in it yet as it belongs exclusively to its Middle Eastern royal owner. No one has ventured to know much about this mysterious yacht beyond the fact that it requires twenty-two crew members to handle this gigantic yacht and keep it on the run

#1 Katana

#1 Katana $68 Million
Katana a mega yacht is one of the most precious possessions in the bag of Larry Ellison Oracle founder. The construction cost of this 262-foot long yacht touched a height of $68 million. A gem from the estate of the late Emilio Azcarraga Mexican media tycoon, Katana has undergone some modifications. It features a two-story suite for the owner, an accommodation for 12 guests, a large plasma TV and a basketball court.

Katana, The Most Expensive Yacht in the World, owes its architectural beauty to its super design by Martin Francis. It was built by Blohm & Voss as a haven of entertainment for Emilio Azcarraga the Mexican magnate in 1991. In 1998, Larry Ellison, founder and CEO of Oracle purchased the yacht to enrich her possession of riches. It has undergone several indoor and outdoor modifications under supervision of Larry Ellison

#5 Dream

#5 Dream $44 Million

Dream another mega yacht is under construction at Feadship’s venerable yard in Holland. With a considerable stretch of 176 feet in length, it is priced at $44 million. It is considered that the construction of a custom yacht at Feadship takes a minimum of three years.

Most Expensive Yacht in the World , Dream, is one of those most luxurious and spacious charter yachts that offer seven staterooms. Each of these staterooms has an attached suite with every kind of comfort facility you could possibly imagine. You will find the master stateroom on the main deck that assumes almost the whole of the yacht’s width. It has the provisions of a king sized berth, private lounge, dressing room and Jacuzzi shower. You could also chill out in the VIP Queen suite that you find upon the bridge deck.

Gadino

The #7 Most Expensive Handbags Gadino Handbag coming from the lines of Norwegian designer Hilde Palladino. This pristine white handbag banking on the dazzle of the 39 diamonds encrusted into it is priced at $38,470. Luxury Leather Passport Holder = $78 This Luxury Leather Passport Holder can act as a multipurpose accessory. Apart from having the compartment for passport, it has six pockets with turned edges. These pockets are meant for keeping credit cards. There is one window view pocket too for your ID or SSN cards. There are separate chambers for currencies and change

Louis Vuitton

#6 Most Expensive Handbag Louis Vuitton Tribute Patchwork Bag does magic to send all around you into frenzy. Snazzy in style and luring in look, the bag features a rainbow of colors, a collage of designs as well as a spell of charms. Womens Passport Holder Wallet = $65 the Womens Passport Holder Wallet can house as many as six credit cards and business cards in its six turn-edged pockets. There are zippered sections, one for currencies which is inside and two in exterior for changes. Divided pockets on side are for documents and there is another compartment for passport which can be reached easily. This set comes with a complementary pen also

Leiber

#5 Most Expensive Handbag is off beat in look and avant-garde in design, Leiber Precious Rose Handbag is a rare find for you. Splendid, shiny, spectacular – all adjectives fall short of describing the elegance and exclusivity of Leiber Precious Rose Handbag to your satisfaction.

Lana Marks

#4 Most Expensive Handbag with the shine of silver, the gleam of gold and the dazzle of diamonds, Lana Marks Cleopatra Bag adds spunk to your style. Metallic silver alligator suit is what the bag features in the make. The suit is edged with an 18-carat white gold frame. A string of black and white diamonds etched in the white gold frame enhances the bond of gold and silver in the design detailing of Lana Marks Cleopatra Bag

Hermes Matte

#3 Most Expensive Handbag Hermès Matte Crocodile Birkin Bag can stun your eyes at the very first glance. An embodiment of elegance and exclusivity, it has been designed to grace the tender arms of style icons. It is a flamboyant and fabulous find from the line ofhandbags by brands of international reputation. The bag is targeted at well-heeled fashion conscious women.

Urban Satche

#2 Most Expensive Handbag Urban Satchel Louis Vuitton Bag will seem to bear a different class of appeal if you are ready to look beyond the glitter of expensive gems and metals encrustedhandbags . Bedecked with a collage mode of fashion, this bag brings together all sorts of urban junks you can imagine – tea bags, cigarette packets, gums, thrown away water bottle, gums etc

Channel

Most Expensive Handbag in th World $500K Most Expensive Handbag in the World – Channel Diamond Forever – A Precious Fashion Accessory at £261,000 If something expensive and exclusive is your obsession to stun all with your style statement, the Channel Diamond Forever from a line of handbags should be your fashion forte. The most expensive accessory in the world, it is the flagship model of its internationally reputed brand

Kiss

#9 Kiss the Sky

The 35 million dollar Kiss the Sky carries the signature of its Dutch builder, Amels in its make. The Terence Disdale designed interior décor of the yacht features burl reliefs, light oak paneling, beautiful lacquered furniture and marble flooring. The master stateroom of this 170-foot long yacht comprises of dressing areas and bathrooms, an open lounge area, a king-sized island berth and an adjacent twin cabin.

Ambrosia

#8 Ambrosia

If karaoke is your passion and piano is your interest, Ambrosia has all the ingredients to entertain you. The interior of this yacht reflects the touches of art from the Far East. It offers a sharp sense of refinement that merges the European classical with the oriental influence. This $35 million yacht is177 feet in length.

Senses

#7 Senses

Esteemed as the ultimate exploration vessel by the yachting intelligentsia, this 37 million dollar yacht is at the zenith of the water toys hit parade. It comes with two helipads, a 39-foot RIB, a 42-foot Nelson, a 24-foot Halmatic RIB, a 28-foot sailing dinghy, the PWCs and Hobie pedal kayaks. It is an achievement of Jack Setton, a renowned champion sailor and yacht designer.

most expensive yacht in the world, Senses, features a state-of-the-art infrastructure. With two helipads, a 39-foot RIB (rigid inflatable boat) and a 42-foot Nelson, the vessel deserves to be called mighty. The 193 foot Senses consumes a staggering amount of $37 million.

Giant

#6 Giant I

Spanning for 246 feet in length, Giant I may be the yacht of your dream. The former salvage tug of the yacht features an amazing collection of toys – snowmobiles, motorcycles, two Jeep 4×4s, Mercedes, a helicopter, two sport fishing boats, a decompression chamber, an 28 Albin and a Scuba diving gear. This 38 million dollar is simply exclusive.

Most Expensive Yacht in the World ,Giant I, is an outstanding icebreaking ship. It has undergone a transformation to become a supreme and superb charter yacht keeping its strength as an icebreaker intact. Developed by an advanced technology, the vessel can cruise under any atmospheric and climatic conditions in any part of the world including the uninhabited Arctic and Antarctic regions.

Pig

Pig (Wild boar in Japan and Elephant in Northern Thailand) (Yin, 4th Trine, Fixed Element Water): Honest, gallant, sturdy, sociable, peace-loving, patient, loyal, hard-working, trusting, sincere, calm, understanding, thoughtful, scrupulous, passionate, intelligent. Can be naïve, over-reliant, self-indulgent, gullible, fatalistic, materialistic

Dog

Honest, intelligent, straightforward, loyal, sense of justice and fair play, attractive, amicable, unpretentious, sociable, open-minded, idealistic, moralistic, practical, affectionate, sensitive, easy going. Can be cynical, lazy, cold, judgmental, pessimistic, worrier, stubborn, quarrelsome

Rooster

Rooster (Yin, 2nd Trine, Fixed Element Metal): Acute, neat, meticulous, organized, self-assured, decisive, conservative, critical, perfectionist, alert, zealous, practical, scientific, responsible. Can be over zealous and critical, puritanical, egotistical, abrasive, opinionated, given to empty bravado.

Monkey

Monkey (Yang, 1st Trine, Fixed Element Metal): Inventor, motivator, improviser, quick-witted, inquisitive, flexible, innovative, problem solver, self-assured, sociable, artistic, polite, dignified, competitive, objective, factual, intellectual. Can be egotistical, vain, selfish, reckless, snobbish, deceptive, manipulative, cunning, jealous, suspicious

Goat

Goat, or Sheep or Ram (Yin, 4th Trine, Fixed Element Fire): Righteous, sincere, sympathetic, mild-mannered, shy, artistic, creative, gentle, compassionate, understanding, mothering, determined, peaceful, generous, seeks security. Can be moody, indecisive, over-passive, worrier, pessimistic, over-sensitive, complainer, weak-willed.

Horse

Horse (Yang, 3rd Trine, Fixed Element Fire): Cheerful, popular, quick-witted, changeable, earthy, perceptive, talkative, agile - mentally and physically, magnetic, intelligent, astute, flexible, open-minded. Can be fickle, arrogant, childish, anxious, rude, gullible, stubborn

Snake

Snake (Yin, 2nd Trine, Fixed Element Fire): Deep thinker, wise, mystic, graceful, soft-spoken, sensual, creative, prudent, shrewd, elegant, cautious, responsible, calm, strong, constant, purposeful. Can be loner, bad communicator, possessive, hedonistic, self-doubting, distrustful, mendacious, suffocating, cold.

Dragon

Dragon (Yang, 1st Trine, Fixed Element Wood): Magnanimous, stately, vigorous, strong, self-assured, proud, noble, direct, dignified, jealous, eccentric, intellectual, fiery, passionate, decisive, pioneering, artistic, generous, loyal. Can be tactless, arrogant, imperious, tyrannical, demanding, intolerant, dogmatic, violent, impetuous, brash

Rabbit

Rabbit (Cat in Vietnam) (Yin, 4th Trine, Fixed Element Wood): Gracious, good friend, kind, sensitive, soft-spoken, amiable, elegant, reserved, cautious, artistic, thorough, tender, self-assured, shy, astute, compassionate, flexible. Can be moody, detached, superficial, self-indulgent, opportunistic, stubborn.

Tiger

Tiger (Yang, 3rd Trine, Fixed Element Wood): Unpredictable, rebellious, colorful, powerful, passionate, daring, impulsive, vigorous, stimulating, sincere, affectionate, humanitarian, generous. Can be restless, reckless, impatient, quick-tempered, obstinate, selfish, aggressive, unpredictable, moody.

OX

Ox (Water buffalo in Vietnam) (Yin, 2nd Trine, Fixed Element Water): Dependable, ambitious, calm, methodical, born leader, patient, hardworking, conventional, steady, modest, logical, resolute, tenacious. Can be stubborn, narrow-minded, materialistic, rigid, demanding

Rats

Rat (Yang, 1st Trine, Fixed Element Water): Forthright, tenacious, intense, meticulous, charismatic, sensitive, hardworking, industrious, charming, eloquent, sociable, artistic, shrewd. Can be manipulative, vindictive, self-destructive, mendacious, venal, obstinate, critical, over-ambitious, ruthless, intolerant, scheming

Amancio Ortega

With a net worth of $18.3 billion, Amancio Ortega rounds out the top ten wealthiest people in the world. Like most of the people on this list, his fortune is self-made. His father was a railway worker, and Ortega worked in a shirt store in Spain. He and his wife at the time began making their own lingerie and dressing gowns. They did this in their living room, creating chic designs. They formed a company called Inditex, and grew the brand so that there are more than 4,000 stores around the world. Ortega also has a brand of inexpensive fashions, Zara. The euro’s weakness has sapped some of Ortega’s fortune, so his wealth is down even as stock in his company is up. Ortega grows his fortune with investments in real estate, tourism, gas and banks

Theo Albrecht

Like his older brother, Karl, Theo Albrecht is an intensely private person. (The fact that he was kidnapped in 1971 probably contributes to this fact.) He is worth $18.8 billion, and is three places below his brother on the list of world’s wealthiest billionaires. However, his fortune is nothing to sneeze at. Albrecht has the brand rights to the discount grocer Aldi in the north part of Germany and in all of Europe except Great Britain. Part of the reason his brother, who helped develop the Aldi brand out of their mother’s corner grocery store, is richer is doubtless due to the fact that Karl has the rights to the Aldi brand in the U.S. However, Albrecht has been able to start his own brand, Trader Joe’s, which is gaining some inroads in the U.S. His stake in Supervalu is also probably helping

Lakshmi Mittal

An Indian immigrant to the U.K., Mittal is the wealthiest person living in Great Britain. Mittal inherited a great deal of his fortune, working in his family’s steelmaking business. He founded his own company, Mittal Steel, and has been aggressive in developing his business prospects. With a hostile takeover, the company became ArcelorMittal, and is the largest steel company in the world. Mittal is worth $19.3 billion, having lost some of his money as steel price have fallen in the last year. While Mittal’s fortune is heavily reliant on stocks in his company, he still has substantial cash holdings. He has also diversified into other holdings, such as Macarthur Coal. He sits on the board of Goldman Sachs

Mukesh ambani

It is telling that we have made it to #7 on the wealthiest billionaires list before getting to someone who inherited a fortune. Mukesh Ambani, along with his brother, inherited the conglomerate Reliance, one of the most valuable companies in India, upon the death of their father. Control issues forced Ambani’s mother to broker a deal between them, and split some of the assets. Ambani has been working to grow his fortune, however. He merged Reliance Petroleum with Reliance Industries, and has an agreement to buy Chevron’s stake in Reliance at $1.20 per share — which is less than it is trading for right now. Ambani is worth right around $19.5 billion, and is the wealthiest person in the country of India

Karl Albrecht

This billionaire is extremely private. He is the wealthiest person in Germany. His net worth is $21.5 billion. There is not a great deal known about Albrecht, but it is known that he is another self-made billionaire. His mother owned a small grocery store in Germany. However, after World War II, Albrect, along with his brother Theo transformed the shop into Aldi. Now, Aldi is known for its discount prices on groceries. Albrecht and his brother divided up ownership of the stores. Albrecht took the rights to the brand for the U.S., U.K. and Australia, as well as the south part of Germany. Aldi is actually doing reasonably well as people turn to inexpensive foods during the recession.

Ingvar Kamprad

Most people probably haven’t heard of Swedish entrepreneur Ingvar Kamprad (net worth, $22 billion). But they have probably heard of the brand he is associated with: Ikea. Kamprad is the child of Swedish farmers. One of his first jobs was selling cards, matches, pens and fish from a bicycle. He learned early that he could buy in bulk for cheap, and then mark up prices so that he made a good profit — even while offering good prices to customers. Eventually, he began selling furniture. After learning a bit about it, he opened his own furniture store. He got the name Ikea from his first and last name, the name of the family farm, and the nearest village. His furniture brand is known for its affordability and modern style. Instead of living too lavishly, Kamprad takes economy class when he flies, eats at inexpensive restaurants and furnishes his home mainly with what Ikea has to offer

Larry Ellison

The man that started software giant Oracle is worth $22.5 billion. Even though he was born in the Bronx, Ellison was adopted and raised by his mother’s aunt and uncle in Chicago’s South Shore neighborhood. Ellison’s adopted father lost his small real estate fortune during the Great Depression. Like Bill Gates, Ellison is a college dropout. He made his money in software design. His database project for the CIA, as part of Ampex Corporation, was called Oracle. He founded his company using only $2,000 of his own, and grew it into one of the industry leaders. However, there have been several tugs of war. But Oracle’s focus on database and server technology has allowed to remain in relatively good shape.

Carlos Slim Helu

Along with his family, Carlos Slim Helú is the wealthiest man in Latin America. He has $35 billion, even after losing $25 billion. Slim is also a self-made billionaire. He has an interesting history. Even though he lives in Mexico City, he is the son of an immigrant from Lebanon (his father’s original surname was Salim). He studied engineering, and made his money in the telecom industry. He was the leader in a group of investors that bought two telephone companies from the Mexican government in 1990. His diverse holdings include real estate, technology, oil, gas and even a stake in The New York Times Company. He even loaned the company money earlier this year. Slim’s wealth is worth about the same as 2% of the economic output of the entire country of Mexico.